Functia executiva la primul episod de schizofrenie

  Autori: Ioana Valentina Miclutia*, Codruta Alina Popescu**, Andreea Zaharie***, Rodica Macrea****

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Obiective: Studiul transversal isi propune sa examineze functia executiva la pacientii aflati la primul episod de schizofrenie si sa evidentieze relatia sa cu simptomatologia psihiatrica. Material si metoda: Un lot de pacienti cu prim episod de schizofrenie (N=30) si un lot similar de subiecti sanatosi (N=30) au fost examinati cu instrumente psihopatometrice de evaluare a functiei executive (Wisconsin Card Sorting test si doua teste din bateria CANTAB-Intra/Extradimensional Set Shifting si Stockings of Cambridge). Pacientii au fost evaluati din punct de vedere psihopatologic cu PANSS si functional cu GAF. Rezultate: Toate dimensiunile simptomatologice invalideaza functional pacientii. Pacientii FEP denota rezultate mai slabe fata de lotul de control la toate probele care evalueaza functia executiva, reflectand capacitatea de abstractizare, planificare. Exista corelatii semnificative intre simptomatologia pozitiva si numarul de erori perseverative la WCST si numarul total de erori la IED. Concluzii: Deficitele cognitive sunt prezente inca din fazele incipiente ale maladiei.

Cuvinte cheie: prim episod de schizofrenie, functie executiva, CANTAB

Abstract

Objectives: This cross-sectional study aims to assess the executive function in first-episode schizophrenia patients (FEP) and to emphasize its relation to the psychiatric symptoms. Method: 30 FEP patients and 30 matched healthy controls were evaluated by the following tools: for executive function, the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, and two tests from the CANTAB Battery (Intra/ Extradimensional Set Shifting si Stockings of Cambridge). PANSS and GAF were administred to FEP patients in order to evaluate psychiatric symptoms, respectively the functionality. Results: All psychopathological dimensions significantly impair the functionality of FEP. FEP display poorer results on all tests, which assess executive function, reflecting less abstractization, planification capacity. Significant correlations between positive symptoms and errors on WCST, IED were observed. Conclusion: Cognitive deficits are already present at the onset of schizophrenia.

Key words: first-episode schizophrenia, executive function, CANTAB

Prof. univ. dr. Ioana Valentina Miclutia*, Dr. Codruta Alina Popescu**, Dr. Andreea Zaharie***, Prof. univ. dr. Rodica Macrea****

* U.M.F. “Iuliu Hatieganu” Cluj-Napoca, medic primar psihiatru, Spitalul Clinic Judetean de Urgenta Cluj, sectia Psihiatrie II

** psiholog, Spitalul Clinic Judetean de Urgenta Cluj, sectia Psihiatrie II

*** medic rezident in Psihiatrie, Spitalul Clinic Judetean de Urgenta Cluj

**** profesor consultant dr., U.M.F. “Iuliu Hatieganu” Cluj-Napoca, medic primar psihiatru

Adresa pentru corespondenta Prof. dr. Ioana Valentina Miclutia

U.M.F. “Iuliu Hatieganu” Cluj-Napoca, Spitalul Clinic Judetean de Urgenta Cluj, sectia Psihiatrie II str. Victor Babes nr. 43, 400012 Cluj-Napoca